End-use breakdown: 2020 vintage for Tertiary, 4 years apart from the 2024 total.
Electrification of the Tertiary sector
214.8 TWh · 14.4% of national final energy consumption
Final energy consumption and electrification rate of the Tertiary sector in France, compared with other sectors and the national average.
Sector electrification rate, average change per year over the last 5 years, in percentage points
+0.79 pt/yr
Sector final energy consumption, average change per year over the last 5 years
−0.9%/yr
speeding up compared with the last ten years
Last change of direction: 2015
Consumption reported by the tertiary sector under the French decree
Energy-carrier breakdown of consumption reported on the OPERAT platform, 2020 to 2024.
Reported scope: OPERAT only covers tertiary buildings subject to the French tertiary decree (over 1,000 m²) whose owner or operator actually filed a declaration. It is not the tertiary building stock, nor the sector total shown above. Shares can be read, volumes cannot: they track how complete the reporting campaign is.
View data
| Vintage | Electricity | Gas | District heating | Heating oil | District cooling | Wood | Undisclosed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2010-2019 | 56.8 | 36.1 | 5.6 | 1.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 8.3 |
| 2020 | 60.5 | 32.1 | 6.2 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 8.1 |
| 2021 | 57.9 | 33.8 | 7 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 7.7 |
| 2022 | 62.8 | 29.6 | 6.5 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 8.3 |
| 2023 | 63.9 | 28.5 | 6.5 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 8.4 |
| 2024 | 64.7 | 27.4 | 7.1 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 9.6 |
The declaring panel is not constant from one vintage to the next: 14,963 declarations over the reference period, 12,668 in 2024. An electricity share rising from one vintage to the next therefore mixes electrification with a composition effect. The two cannot be separated here: the number of declarations is published alongside the series so the comparison is made knowingly.
Shares are computed on disclosed consumption. Business confidentiality masks 9.6% of the 2024 total. That share is shown in the data table rather than dissolved into the calculation.
The decree's reference period (2010-2019) is kept off the time axis: each reporting entity picks its own base year within it, so it is not a series point. It appears in the data table, where it compares without distorting the curve.
The 2025 vintage is excluded: the reporting campaign is still open (7,509 declarations against 12,668 in 2024).
Source: OPERAT database (ADEME), Éco Énergie Tertiaire scheme. Datasets updated on 2026-09-09.
Our reading
Services are the only sector where electrification measurably rises: across the building stock subject to the French tertiary decree, the electricity share gains 7.9 points between the reference period and 2024, while reported gas falls from 31.7 to 16.1 TWh. Industry, by contrast, has been flat for twenty years. This scope remains declarative, and therefore narrower than the sector.
Written on 2026-09-15 · based on ADEME - OPERAT database (Éco Énergie Tertiaire scheme) · Eurostat - Complete energy balances (nrg_bal_c)
Who consumes, and who consumes per square metre
Activity categories in 2024: the bar gives reported volume, the dot gives intensity. The two rankings do not match.
This dataset is all carriers combined: it says who consumes, not who is electrifying. The source does not cross activity with energy carrier.
View data
| Activity | TWh | % | kWh/m² | Declarations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Offices | 15.17 | 22.3 | 123 | 49,663 |
| Health | 11.58 | 17 | 209 | 9,950 |
| Education | 9.4 | 13.8 | 104 | 20,036 |
| Food retail | 7.55 | 11.1 | 237 | 10,080 |
| Logistics | 4.35 | 6.4 | 68 | 9,495 |
| Non-food retail | 3.64 | 5.4 | 75 | 30,887 |
| Tourism | 2.73 | 4 | 182 | 4,434 |
| Sport | 2.42 | 3.6 | 156 | 7,319 |
| Servers and IT | 2.21 | 3.3 | 1,449 | 308 |
| Culture | 2 | 2.9 | 125 | 4,717 |
| Vacant premises | 1.21 | 1.8 | 107 | 2,186 |
| Vehicle and machinery sales | 1.06 | 1.6 | 103 | 4,813 |
| Laundry | 1.06 | 1.6 | 644 | 398 |
| Catering | 1.01 | 1.5 | 326 | 3,361 |
| Wholesale | 0.66 | 1 | 72 | 3,286 |
| Transport | 0.48 | 0.7 | 128 | 1,633 |
| Justice | 0.32 | 0.5 | 191 | 319 |
| Events | 0.31 | 0.5 | 139 | 0 |
| Audiovisual | 0.27 | 0.4 | 157 | 289 |
| Parking | 0.19 | 0.3 | 14 | 1,246 |
Breakdown by sub-sector
Click a sub-sector to see the detail of its energy mix
2020 vintage (SDES/CEREN), a separate source from the Eurostat sector total shown above. The shares below relate to the total of end uses detailed by SDES, 209.2 TWh, not to the sector total; see Methodology.
View data
| Sub-sector | Consumption (TWh) | % electricity |
|---|---|---|
| Heating | 87.5 | 16.1 |
| Domestic hot water | 22.1 | 30.7 |
| Cooking | 10.8 | 39.3 |
| Specific electricity | 56.9 | 100 |
| Air conditioning | 21.5 | 100 |
| Other uses | 10.4 | 20.6 |
Sub-sector details
2020 vintage (SDES/CEREN), a separate source from the Eurostat sector total shown above. The shares below relate to the total of end uses detailed by SDES, 209.2 TWh, not to the sector total; see Methodology.
Heating
87.5 TWh
41.8% of the sector's end uses
Electrification rate: 16.1%
Domestic hot water
22.1 TWh
10.6% of the sector's end uses
Electrification rate: 30.7%
Cooking
10.8 TWh
5.2% of the sector's end uses
Electrification rate: 39.3%
Specific electricity
56.9 TWh
27.2% of the sector's end uses
Electrification rate: 100%
Air conditioning
21.5 TWh
10.3% of the sector's end uses
Electrification rate: 100%
Other uses
10.4 TWh
5% of the sector's end uses
Electrification rate: 20.6%
Sector electrification
View data
| Indicator | Value |
|---|---|
| Electrification rate - Tertiary | 58.7% |
View data
| Sector | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tertiary | 43.6 | 42.3 | 42.4 | 44.2 | 45.1 | 46.4 | 43.8 | 43.3 | 45.4 | 44.3 | 49 | 48.6 | 50.9 | 49 | 49.2 | 51.3 | 55 | 54 | 53.1 | 51.3 | 51.6 | 60 | 58.3 | 56.6 | 58.5 | 57.9 | 58 | 57.2 | 57.2 | 57.1 | 56.7 | 55.2 | 58.7 | 59.1 | 58.7 | — | — | — | — | — |
| trend extended (5 yrs) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 58.7 | 59.5 | 60.3 | 61.1 | 61.9 | 62.7 |
The vertical line marks the last detected trend break: the year that best splits the series into two distinct trends. It only appears when the two slopes genuinely differ. Otherwise the curve is a straight line, and marking an inflection would be inventing one.
The dotted line mechanically extends the slope of the last five years. It is not a forecast: it embeds no policy, no announced investment and no saturation effect. It answers “where does the current pace lead”, not “what will happen”. Not to be confused with the official trajectory, drawn as a grey dashed line with diamonds.
- 2010: Order setting RT 2012 published, applying to new buildings Légifrance, order of 26 October 2010 (new tab)
- 2015: Energy transition for green growth act published in the Official Journal Légifrance, Act no. 2015-992 of 17 August 2015 (new tab)
- 2019: "Éco-énergie tertiaire" decree published, setting 2010-2019 as the reference period Légifrance, Decree no. 2019-771 of 23 July 2019 (new tab)
- 2021: RE 2020 decree published, applying to construction from 1 January 2022 Légifrance, Decree no. 2021-1004 of 29 July 2021 (new tab)
These dates place official texts on the time axis. They demonstrate no link with the curve: a coincidence of timing is not an explanation.
Source: Eurostat (nrg_bal_c), 1990-2024 series